正在閱讀:Win10竟會損壞用戶文件?教你解決這個BugWin10竟會損壞用戶文件?教你解決這個Bug

2021-06-03 00:15 出處:PConline原創(chuàng) 作者:Aimo 責任編輯:censi

  [PConline 資訊]如果你是一名音樂發(fā)燒友,那么應該知道Flac這種常見的無損音樂格式。Flac音樂文件支持metadata,用戶可以編輯metadata,讓音樂文件帶有藝術(shù)家、所屬專輯、音軌等等信息。通常來說,metadata和音頻數(shù)據(jù)并不相關,修改metadata并不會影響音頻本身。但是,近日微軟官方公布了Win10中存在一個Bug,在Win10中用資源管理器修改Flac文件的metadata,竟會導致音頻的損壞!

Win10

  根據(jù)Windows Latest的報道,微軟最新發(fā)布的一份支持文件披露,如果在Win10的2004或者更高版本中,使用文件資源管理器修改Flac音樂文件的metadata,就會損耗Flac音頻文件。這個Bug在Win10專業(yè)版、家庭版、企業(yè)版、工作站版乃至其他版本的Win10中均有出現(xiàn)。

  根據(jù)微軟本月早些時候發(fā)布的支持文件,Win10的文件資源管理器導致了這個錯誤,它破壞了Flac文件頭包含的ID3框架也就是metadata,而這個ID3框架負責存儲音頻的注釋,例如音樂標題、藝術(shù)家、專輯、曲目編號等。在Win10上,F(xiàn)lac的處理程序忽視了ID3框架,該程序認為Flac文件在使用4字節(jié)的文件頭,當Flac文件被Win10編輯的時候,ID3框架被覆蓋了,導致沒有了開始代碼,導致了音樂播放器無法識別被修改后的文件。

  因此,在Win10中,如果你直接用文件資源管理器修改Flac音樂文件的標題、藝術(shù)家等metadata,會導致該文件無法播放。

  幸運的是,微軟已經(jīng)確定了Bug的根本原因,用戶可以通過Windows Update升級KB5003214補丁進行修復。

  在KB5003214補丁中,微軟確認了上文提到的錯誤已經(jīng)被修復,修改了Flac的標題、藝術(shù)家等metadata后,F(xiàn)lac不會再變得無法播放。而對于已經(jīng)損壞了的Flac文件,微軟則發(fā)布了一個PowerShell腳本來進行修復,運行該腳本后Flac文件即可重新播放,不過已經(jīng)從ID3框架中丟失了的metadata信息并不能恢復。

  下面是利用PowerShell腳本修復Flac文件的具體方法。

  1、開啟記事本;

  2、復制以下字符,粘貼到記事本中:

  # Copyright 2021 Microsoft

  # This script will repair a FLAC file that has been corrupted by Media Foundation in reference to KB5003430.

  # Refer to KB5003430 for further information

  param(

  [parameter(Mandatory=$true,

  HelpMessage="The path to the FLAC file that has been corrupted by Media Foundation",

  ValueFromRemainingArguments=$true)]

  [ValidateScript({ -not [String]::IsNullOrEmpty($_) -and (Test-Path $_) })]

  [String]$File

  )

  # We need to back up the current file incase we have any errors

  $FileDirectory = Split-Path -Resolve $File

  $Filename = Split-Path -Leaf -Resolve $File

  $FullPath = Join-Path -Resolve $FileDirectory $Filename

  $Filename = [String]::Format("Backup_{0:yyyyMMdd_hhmmss}_{1}", [DateTime]::Now, $Filename)

  $BackupLocation = Join-Path $FileDirectory $Filename

  Write-Output "Microsoft FLAC Repair Tool. This tool will repair a FLAC audio file that was corrupted when editing its details."

  Write-Output "Affected File: $FullPath"

  Write-Output "A backup of the file will be made: $BackupLocation"

  Write-Output "Do you wish to continue?"

  $choice=$host.ui.PromptForChoice("Fixing FLAC Script", "Do you wish to continue", ('&Yes', '&No'), 1)

  function ParseStreamInfoMetadataBlock([System.IO.FileStream]$stream)

  {

  $blockType = $stream.ReadByte()

  $lastBlock = ($blockType -shr 7) -ne 0

  $blockType = $blockType -band 0x7F

  if ($blockType -ne 0)

  {

  return $false

  }

  $blockSize = (($stream.ReadByte() -shl 16) -bor ($stream.ReadByte() -shl 8) -bor $stream.ReadByte())

  if ($blockSize -lt 34)

  {

  return $false

  }

  $minAudioBlockSize = ($stream.ReadByte() -shl 8) -bor $stream.ReadByte()

  $maxAudioBlockSize = ($stream.ReadByte() -shl 8) -bor $stream.ReadByte()

  if ($minAudioBlockSize -lt 16 -or $maxAudioBlockSize -lt 16)

  {

  return $false

  }

  $minFrameSize = (($stream.ReadByte() -shl 16) -bor ($stream.ReadByte() -shl 8) -bor $stream.ReadByte())

  $maxFrameSize = (($stream.ReadByte() -shl 16) -bor ($stream.ReadByte() -shl 8) -bor $stream.ReadByte())

  $sampleInfo = (($stream.ReadByte() -shl 24) -bor ($stream.ReadByte() -shl 16) -bor ($stream.ReadByte() -shl 8) -bor $stream.ReadByte())

  $sampleRate = $sampleInfo -shr 12

  $channelCount = (($sampleInfo -shr 9) -band 0x7) + 1

  $bitsPerSample = (($sampleInfo -shr 4) -band 0x1F) + 1

  [UInt64]$sampleCount = (($stream.ReadByte() -shl 24) -bor ($stream.ReadByte() -shl 16) -bor ($stream.ReadByte() -shl 8) -bor $stream.ReadByte())

  $sampleCount = (([UInt64]$sampleInfo -band 0xF) -shl 32) -bor $sampleCount

  $MD5HashBytes = New-Object byte[] 16

  $stream.Read($MD5HashBytes, 0, $MD5HashBytes.Length)

  $MD5Hash = [Guid]($MD5HashBytes)

  if ($sampleRate -eq 0)

  {

  return $false

  }

  # Passing these checks means that we likely have a stream info header and can rebuild the file

  Write-Output "File Stream Information"

  Write-Output "Sample Rate: $sampleRate"

  Write-Output "Audio Channels: $channelCount"

  Write-Output "Sample Depth: $bitsPerSample"

  Write-Output "MD5 Audio Sample Hash: $MD5Hash"

  return $true

  }

  if ($choice -eq 0)

  {

  Copy-Item $FullPath -Destination $BackupLocation -Force

  $stream = [System.IO.File]::Open($FullPath, [System.IO.FileMode]::Open)

  $stream.Seek(4, [System.IO.SeekOrigin]::Begin)

  while ($stream.ReadByte() -eq 0) {}

  # We now need to figure out where a valid FLAC metadata frame begins

  # We are likely pointing to the last byte of the size member so we'll seek back 4 bytes and retry

  $flacDataStartPosition = $stream.Position - 4

  $stream.Seek($flacDataStartPosition, [System.IO.SeekOrigin]::Begin)

  while (-not(ParseStreamInfoMetadataBlock($stream)))

  {

  $flacDataStartPosition = $flacDataStartPosition + 1

  $stream.Seek($flacDataStartPosition, [System.IO.SeekOrigin]::Begin)

  }

  # Insert the start code

  $stream.Seek($flacDataStartPosition, [System.IO.SeekOrigin]::Begin)

  if (Test-Path "$FullPath.tmp")

  {

  Remove-Item "$FullPath.tmp"

  }

  $fixedStream = [System.IO.File]::Open("$FullPath.tmp", [System.IO.FileMode]::CreateNew)

  [byte[]]$startCode = [char[]]('f', 'L', 'a', 'C');

  $fixedStream.Write($startCode, 0, $startCode.Length)

  $stream.CopyTo($fixedStream)

  $stream.Close()

  $fixedStream.Close()

  Move-Item -Force "$FullPath.tmp" $FullPath

  }

  3、保存文件,在“另存為”對話框中,將目錄定位到你想要保存PowerShell腳本的位置;

  4、在文件名輸入框中,輸入“FixFlacFiles.ps1”,將另存為文件的類型更改為Text Documents (*.txt);

  5、進入到你保存該PowerShell腳本的目錄;

  6、右鍵點擊剛剛保存的腳本,然后選擇“使用PowerShell運行”;

  7、出現(xiàn)提示時,輸入無法播放的Flac文件的文件名,然后按下回車鍵。

  微軟建議大家安裝本月推送的可選累積更新,以避免修改Flac文件metadata出現(xiàn)的問題。

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